- 7: N-Nitrogen (नाइट्रोजन)
- नाइट्रोजन (Nitrogen) : nonmetal ; diatomic molecule (N2) ; 78% of Earth’s atmosphere by volume.
- Nitrogen is key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, and nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which are essential for the transmission of genetic information.
- It is obtained through the fractional distillation of liquid air. used to create an inert atmosphere in various industrial processes.
- nitrogen fertilizers : These fertilizers can be synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which involves the reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas to produce ammonia (NH3).
- as a protective gas in food packaging to extend the shelf life of perishable products.
- Nitrogen can be liquefied at very low temperatures (-196°C or -320.44°F) and is commonly used as a coolant in various applications, such as in cryogenics, medical treatments, and food preservation.
- nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), can contribute to air and water pollution and have environmental impacts such as smog formation and eutrophication of water bodies.
- Eutrophication is a natural process that occurs when water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, and coastal areas, become enriched with nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus.
