JIGS AND FIXTURES
Jigs and Fixtures in Production
Jigs and Fixtures are special tools used in manufacturing to hold, support, and guide workpieces during machining or assembly. They improve accuracy, productivity, and repeatability in mass production.
1. Difference Between Jigs and Fixtures
| Feature | Jigs | Fixtures |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Guides the cutting tool | Holds and supports the workpiece |
| Tool Movement | Directs the tool with bushings | Does not guide the tool |
| Clamping | May not require clamping | Requires firm clamping |
| Application | Used in drilling, reaming, tapping | Used in milling, turning, grinding |
| Complexity | More complex due to guiding components | Simpler in design |
2. Advantages of Jigs and Fixtures
✅ Increased Productivity: Reduces machining time by holding workpieces securely.
✅ Improved Accuracy & Precision: Ensures repeatability and consistency.
✅ Reduced Labor Skill Requirement: Operator only needs to load and unload parts.
✅ Mass Production Feasibility: Essential for high-volume production.
✅ Improved Safety: Minimizes manual handling and tool movement errors.
3. Types of Jigs
🔹 Drill Jigs: Guides the drill for accurate hole placement.
🔹 Template Jigs: Uses a template to mark hole locations.
🔹 Plate Jigs: Flat plate with bushings for guiding drills.
🔹 Box Jigs: Fully encloses the workpiece for maximum support.
🔹 Leaf Jigs: Uses a hinged leaf to open and close, allowing easy workpiece loading.
4. Types of Fixtures
🔹 Milling Fixture: Holds workpieces securely during milling.
🔹 Turning Fixture: Supports parts in lathes for precision turning.
🔹 Grinding Fixture: Ensures precise positioning during grinding.
🔹 Welding Fixture: Holds parts in position for accurate welding.
🔹 Inspection Fixture: Used for quality checking and measurement.
