Ice Cube Machine and Ice Cream Plant 

ICE CUBE MACHINE

  • 1. Description & Function
    • Used to produce ice cubes in hotels, restaurants, and industries.
    • Works on vapor compression refrigeration cycle (VCRS).
  • 2. Construction & Working

  • Main Components:

    • Compressor – Circulates refrigerant
    • Condenser – Removes heat from refrigerant
    • Expansion Valve – Controls refrigerant flow
    • Evaporator Plate/Grid – Where water freezes into ice cubes
    • Water Pump – Circulates water over evaporator
    • Storage Bin – Stores ice cubes

  • Working Principle:

    1. Water is sprayed onto the cold evaporator grid.
    2. The refrigerant absorbs heat, freezing water into ice cubes.
    3. Once cubes form, the reverse cycle (hot gas defrost) activates, loosening cubes.
    4. Ice cubes drop into the storage bin.
  • 3. Reverse Cycle Functioning
    • Uses hot refrigerant gas to slightly heat the evaporator grid, loosening ice cubes.
  • 4. Installation & Maintenance
    • ✅ Keep condenser clean for efficient cooling.
      ✅ Use purified water to avoid scale buildup.
      ✅ Check refrigerant pressure & defrost cycle regularly.

ICE CANDY PLANT

  • 1. Function & Application
    • Used for making ice candies in small-scale and industrial applications.
    • Freezes sugar syrup mixture in molds immersed in brine solution.
  • 2. Construction & Working

    • Main Components:

      • Brine Tank – Holds saltwater solution for fast freezing
      • Evaporator Coil – Refrigerant absorbs heat from brine
      • Compressor – Circulates refrigerant
      • Expansion Valve – Controls refrigerant flow
      • Candy Molds – Dipped into brine to freeze syrup

  • Working Principle:

    1. Brine solution is cooled to -15°C to -30°C using a refrigeration cycle.
    2. Candy molds filled with flavored syrup are dipped into the cold brine.
    3. Rapid heat transfer from the molds to brine freezes the candy quickly.
    4. Once frozen, the molds are removed, and candies are extracted.
  • 3. Circuit Diagram & Brine Composition
    • Brine Solution: Mixture of water + salt (NaCl or CaCl₂) to lower freezing point.
    • Typical concentration: 20-25% salt by weight.
  • 4. Operation & Maintenance
    • ✅ Check brine temperature & concentration regularly.
      ✅ Keep evaporator coils clean for efficient freezing.
      ✅ Lubricate compressor & check refrigerant levels.

ICE CREAM PLANT

  • 1. Components & Functioning
    • Produces ice cream using continuous freezing and aeration.
    • Maintains low temperatures (-4°C to -20°C) for storage.
  • 2. Construction & Working

  • Main Components:

    • Compressor – Pressurizes refrigerant
    • Condenser – Removes heat
    • Expansion Valve – Regulates refrigerant flow
    • Freezing Cylinder – Where ice cream mix freezes
    • Scraper Blades – Continuously churn frozen mix
    • Mixing Tank – Holds ice cream ingredients before freezing

  • Working Principle:

    1. Ice cream mix is pre-cooled and sent to the freezing cylinder.
    2. Refrigerant cools the cylinder to freeze the mix.
    3. Scraper blades stir & aerate the mix for smooth texture.
    4. Frozen mix is packed and stored at -20°C.
  • 3. Circuit Diagram & Compressor Types
  • Common compressors used:
    • Reciprocating compressor – For small & medium plants
    • Screw compressor – For large-scale production
  • 4. Maintenance Tips
  • ✅ Keep evaporator and condenser coils clean.
    ✅ Monitor refrigerant levels for efficient cooling.
    ✅ Ensure proper mixing & aeration for ice cream texture.
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