नाइट्रोजन (Nitrogen) : nonmetal ; diatomic molecule (N2) ; 78% of Earth’s atmosphere by volume.
Nitrogen is key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, and nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which are essential for the transmission of genetic information.
It is obtained through the fractional distillation of liquid air. used to create an inert atmosphere in various industrial processes.
nitrogen fertilizers : These fertilizers can be synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which involves the reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas to produce ammonia (NH3).
as a protective gas in food packaging to extend the shelf life of perishable products.
Nitrogen can be liquefied at very low temperatures (-196°C or -320.44°F) and is commonly used as a coolant in various applications, such as in cryogenics, medical treatments, and food preservation.
nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), can contribute to air and water pollution and have environmental impacts such as smog formation and eutrophication of water bodies.
Eutrophication is a natural process that occurs when water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, and coastal areas, become enriched with nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus.
